In 1859, the book «The Origin of Species» written by Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution driven by natural selection drastically changed the foundations of an era. Contrary to the already known Lamarck’s Theory, Darwin assumed, among other postulates, that in the struggle for survival only those individuals better or sufficiently adapted to their environment (“the fittest”) are more likely to survive and have more offspring so that beneficial traits can be passed on to the next generation.

Note: Although the main purpose of our work is the study (both theoretically and experimentally) of social dilemmas and human cooperation, we wanted to provide an overview on some fascinating topics related to evolutionary Biology. For more information, the interested reader is referred to countless and highly specialized scientific works in the field over the years.